examples3

id: 2166

question: Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? pear - pump

choice: (A) princess (B) path

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary.
1: They tell you the first word and last word on the page.
2: The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
3: To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters.
4: If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters.
5: If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.
6: If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order.
7: For example, be comes before bed.
8: Put the words in alphabetical order.
9: Since path is between the guide words pear - pump, it would be found on that page.
10: The answer is B.

id: 2282

question: Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

choice: (A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

context: The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes.

gold answer: B

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
4: The strength of a force is called its magnitude.
5: The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
6: You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes.
7: The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger.
8: The magnets in Pair 1 attract.
9: The magnets in Pair 2 repel.
10: But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force.
11: It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
12: Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
13: Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material.
14: The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
15: Magnet A is the same size in both pairs.
16: But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
17: So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
18: The answer is A.

id: 2315

question: Which of the following organisms is the omnivore in this food web?

choice: (A) shiner (B) black crappie (C) copepod

context: Below is a food web from Little Rock Lake, a freshwater lake ecosystem in Wisconsin. A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem.

gold answer: C

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: A food web is a model.
1: A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
2: Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way.
3: If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand.
4: So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
5: Arrows show how matter moves.
6: A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another.
7: Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism.
8: An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten.
9: The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
10: An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it.
11: This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
12: An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it.
13: This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
14: Omnivores are consumers that eat both producers and other consumers.
15: So, an omnivore has arrows pointing to it from at least one producer and at least one consumer.
16: The shiner has an arrow pointing to it from the green algae, which is a producer.
17: The shiner also has an arrow pointing to it from the rotifer, which is a consumer.
18: The shiner eats a producer and a consumer, so it is an omnivore.
19: The black crappie has an arrow pointing to it from the water flea, which is a consumer.
20: The black crappie also has an arrow pointing to it from the rotifer, which is a consumer.
21: The black crappie eats a consumer and a producer, so it is an omnivore.
22: The copepod has only one arrow pointing to it.
23: This arrow starts from the green algae, which is a producer.
24: So, the copepod is a consumer but not an omnivore.
25: The answer is B.

id: 2334

question: Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

choice: (A) At the conference, the authors met with some publishers to discuss their new books. (B) At the conference, the authors discussed their new books with some publishers.

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references.
1: A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
2: When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
3: The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
4: Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways: 1.
5: Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent: When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
6: 2.
7: Rewrite the sentence: Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
8: A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
9: They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
10: The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
11: This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
12: The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
13: The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference.
14: The pronoun their could refer to the authors' or the publishers'.
15: At the conference, the authors discussed their new books with some publishers.
16: The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference.
17: The text has been rewritten so that the meaning is clear.
18: At the conference, the authors met with some publishers to discuss their new books.
19: The answer is B.

id: 2340

question: Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles?

choice: (A) Solution B (B) Solution A (C) neither; their concentrations are the same

context: The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute.

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed.
1: In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent.
2: The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter.
3: For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution.
4: In this case, the salt is the solute.
5: The water is the solvent.
6: The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent.
7: Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
8: concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute.
9: To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
10: Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per milliliter.
11: Solution A has more purple particles per milliliter.
12: So, Solution A has a higher concentration of purple particles.
13: The answer is B.

id: 2459

question: Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance.

choice: (A) ozone (B) 2-chloroethanol (C) benzene

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms.
1: Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
2: A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements.
3: Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances.
4: Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
5: Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol.
6: An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter.
7: For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
8: Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways.
9: One type of model is a ball-and-stick model.
10: The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
11: In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds.
12: Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color.
13: Each color represents a different chemical element.
14: The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.
15: The answer is C.

id: 2517

question: Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles?

choice: (A) neither; their concentrations are the same (B) Solution B (C) Solution A

context: The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute.

gold answer: B

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed.
1: In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent.
2: The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter.
3: For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution.
4: In this case, the salt is the solute.
5: The water is the solvent.
6: The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent.
7: Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
8: concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute.
9: To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
10: Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
11: Solution A has more pink particles per milliliter.
12: So, Solution A has a higher concentration of pink particles.
13: The answer is C.

id: 2534

question: Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

choice: (A) repel (B) attract

context: Two magnets are placed as shown.

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
4: Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends.
5: Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S).
6: Here are some examples of magnets.
7: Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled.
8: Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles.
9: If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract.
10: The magnets in the pair below attract.
11: If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel.
12: The magnets in both pairs below repel.
13: To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
14: The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet.
15: Opposite poles attract.
16: So, these magnets will attract each other.
17: The answer is B.

id: 2540

question: Which animal's mouth is also adapted for gnawing?

choice: (A) Podolsk mole rat (B) tamandua

context: Nutrias eat plant parts such as stems and branches. They eat by biting off small pieces at a time, or gnawing. The 's mouth is adapted for gnawing. Figure: nutria.

gold answer: A

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce.
1: Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
2: The shape of an animal's mouth is one example of an adaptation.
3: Animals' mouths can be adapted in different ways.
4: For example, a large mouth with sharp teeth might help an animal tear through meat.
5: A long, thin mouth might help an animal catch insects that live in holes.
6: Animals that eat similar food often have similar mouths.
7: Look at the picture of the nutria.
8: The nutria has large front teeth.
9: Its mouth is adapted for gnawing.
10: The large front teeth can help the nutria break off pieces of food that it can swallow.
11: Now look at each animal.
12: Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
13: The tamandua has large front teeth.
14: Its mouth is adapted for gnawing.
15: The Podolsk mole rat has small teeth.
16: Its mouth is not adapted for gnawing.
17: The Podolsk mole rat uses its mouth to eat soil.
18: The answer is B.

id: 2622

question: In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the parasol fungus?

choice: (A) gray fox (B) bobcat (C) black racer (D) beaver

context: Below is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem.

gold answer: D

wrong prediction:

Rationale:

0: A food web is a model.
1: A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
2: Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way.
3: If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand.
4: So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food.
5: Arrows show how matter moves.
6: A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another.
7: Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism.
8: An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten.
9: The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating.
10: An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it.
11: This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web.
12: An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it.
13: This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.
14: Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web.
15: For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the parasol fungus.There is one path matter can take from the gray fox to the parasol fungus: gray fox->parasol fungus.
16: There are two paths matter can take from the pine vole to the parasol fungus: pine vole->parasol fungus.
17: black racer->pine vole->parasol fungus.
18: There is one path matter can take from the beaver to the parasol fungus: beaver->parasol fungus.
19: There are two paths matter can take from the swallowtail caterpillar to the parasol fungus: swallowtail caterpillar->gray fox->parasol fungus.
20: swallowtail caterpillar->pine vole->parasol fungus.
21: The answer is C.