examples11

id: 6081

lecture: A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate. An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence. the oranges on our tree are ripe The clause can stand alone. It is independent. after we pick up Kevin from work The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent. A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause. Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool. Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate. In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat. Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter. A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so. We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder. A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while. If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.

question: Which is a simple sentence?

choice: (A) The nurse measured my weight and height, and then he took my pulse. (B) The barber and his brother opened their shop in Harlem more than thirty years ago.

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

0: A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
1: An independent clause is a complete thought.
2: It can stand alone as a sentence.
3: A dependent clause is not a complete thought.
4: It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
5: the oranges on our tree are ripe The clause can stand alone.
6: It is independent.
7: after we pick up Kevin from work The clause cannot stand alone.
8: It is dependent.
9: A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
10: Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
11: Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
12: In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
13: Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
14: A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
15: We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.
16: A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause.
17: The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.
18: If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
19: The first sentence is the simple sentence.
20: It is a single independent clause.
21: The nurse measured my weight and height, and then he took my pulse.
22: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: The second sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause. The barber and his brother opened their shop in Harlem more than thirty years ago.

skill: Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex?

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6107

lecture: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on. If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.

question: Would you find the word yelp on a dictionary page with the following guide words? yarn - yonder

choice: (A) yes (B) no

context: N/A

answer: A

Rationale:

0: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary.
1: They tell you the first word and last word on the page.
2: The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
3: To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters.
4: If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters.
5: If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.
6: If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order.
7: For example, be comes before bed.
8: Put the words in alphabetical order.
9: Since yelp is not between the guide words yarn - yonder, it would not be found on that page.
10: The answer is B.

generated_skill:

solution: Put the words in alphabetical order. Since yelp is between the guide words yarn - yonder, it would be found on that page.

skill: Use guide words

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6200

lecture: A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions. A logical fallacy may present irrelevant information: Fallacy | Description ad hominem | an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself appeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice bandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice circular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself guilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something A logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand: Fallacy | Description false causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other false dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist hasty generalization | a broad claim based on too few observations slippery slope fallacy | the false assumption that a small first step will necessarily lead to extreme consequences straw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against

question: Which logical fallacy is used in the text? When Carson arrived at Heathrow Airport, a British man helped him retrieve his luggage from baggage claim. British people are all so nice!

choice: (A) guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something (B) hasty generalization: a broad claim based on too few observations (C) appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

0: A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim.
1: When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy.
2: Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
3: A logical fallacy may present irrelevant information: Fallacy | Description ad hominem | an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself appeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice bandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice circular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself guilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something A logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand: Fallacy | Description false causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other false dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist hasty generalization | a broad claim based on too few observations slippery slope fallacy | the false assumption that a small first step will necessarily lead to extreme consequences straw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against The text argues that a single polite British person indicates that all British people are nice.
4: However, this isn't necessarily true.
5: This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association.
6: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: The text argues that a single polite British person indicates that all British people are nice. However, this isn't necessarily true. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a hasty generalization.

skill: Classify logical fallacies

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6217

question: Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? decision - during

choice: (A) dawn (B) drill

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

0: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary.
1: They tell you the first word and last word on the page.
2: The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
3: To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters.
4: If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters.
5: If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.
6: If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order.
7: For example, be comes before bed.
8: Put the words in alphabetical order.
9: Since dawn is between the guide words decision - during, it would be found on that page.
10: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: Put the words in alphabetical order. Since drill is between the guide words decision - during, it would be found on that page.

skill: Use guide words

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6272

lecture: A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent

question: Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles?

choice: (A) Solution B (B) Solution A (C) neither; their concentrations are the same

context: The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute.

answer: A

Rationale:

0: A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed.
1: In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent.
2: The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter.
3: For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution.
4: In this case, the salt is the solute.
5: The water is the solvent.
6: The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent.
7: Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
8: concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute.
9: To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
10: Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter.
11: Solution A has more green particles per milliliter.
12: So, Solution A has a higher concentration of green particles.
13: The answer is B.

generated_skill:

solution: In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter. Solution B has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of green particles.

skill: Compare concentrations of solutions

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6288

lecture: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

question: Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

choice: (A) attract (B) repel

context: Two magnets are placed as shown.

answer: B

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends.
4: Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
5: Here are some examples of magnets.
6: The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract.
7: The magnets in the pair below attract.
8: If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel.
9: The magnets in both pairs below repel.
10: To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
11: The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet.
12: Opposite poles attract.
13: So, these magnets will attract each other.
14: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

skill: Identify magnets that attract or repel

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6305

lecture: Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces. Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (S). Here are some examples of magnets. Their poles are shown in different colors and labeled. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

question: Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

choice: (A) repel (B) attract

context: Two magnets are placed as shown.

answer: A

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends.
4: Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
5: Here are some examples of magnets.
6: The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract.
7: The magnets in the pair below attract.
8: If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel.
9: The magnets in both pairs below repel.
10: To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
11: The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet.
12: Opposite poles attract.
13: So, these magnets will attract each other.
14: The answer is B.

generated_skill:

skill: Identify magnets that attract or repel

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6336

lecture: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart.

question: Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

choice: (A) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2. (B) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1. (C) The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

context: The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.

answer: B

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
4: The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
5: You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them.
6: The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart.
7: Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force.
8: When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker.
9: The magnets in Pair 2 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 1.
10: So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
11: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 1 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

skill: Compare strengths of magnetic forces

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6366

lecture: The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information mention the results of scientific studies explain the science behind a product or service Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury

question: Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?

choice: (A) logos (reason) (B) pathos (emotion) (C) ethos (character)

context: N/A

answer: C

Rationale:

0: The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something.
1: To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject.
2: An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence.
3: An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information mention the results of scientific studies explain the science behind a product or service Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience.
4: An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury The ad appeals to logos, or reason.
5: It focuses on the specific features of the product.
6: The answer is A.

generated_skill:

solution: The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the brand is trusted by hospitals.

skill: Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements

wrong_step_idx: 0

id: 6419

question: Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

choice: (A) The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (B) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2. (C) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1.

context: The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.

answer: A

Rationale:

0: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching.
1: When magnets attract, they pull together.
2: When magnets repel, they push apart.
3: These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
4: The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
5: You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them.
6: The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart.
7: Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force.
8: When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker.
9: The magnets in Pair 1 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 2.
10: So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
11: The answer is C.

generated_skill:

solution: Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same. So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

skill: Compare strengths of magnetic forces

wrong_step_idx: 0