id: 3662

lecture: A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map. A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters. A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers.

question: Which i in column 1?

choice: (A) the grocery store (B) the fire department (C) the school (D) the police department

context: N/A

answer: A

Rationale:

generated_skill: The model did not accurately understand the marking system used for columns in a grid.

solution: The grocery store is in column 1.

skill: Use a letter-number grid

wrong_step_idx: 7


id: 3712

lecture: A fossil is the preserved evidence of an ancient organism. Some fossils are formed from body parts such as bones or shells. Other fossils, such as footprints or burrows, are formed from traces of an organism's activities. Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks usually form in layers. Over time, new layers are added on top of old layers in a series called a rock sequence. The layers in an undisturbed rock sequence are in the same order as when they formed. So, the deeper layers are older than the shallower layers. The relative ages of fossils can be determined from their positions in an undisturbed rock sequence. Older fossils are usually in deeper layers, and younger fossils are usually in shallower layers.

question: Which of the following fossils is younger? Select the more likely answer.

choice: (A) mammal tooth (B) ginkgo leaf

context: This diagram shows fossils in an undisturbed sedimentary rock sequence.

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is the ability to interpret the order of rock layers in an undisturbed rock sequence to determine relative fossil ages. This skill involves understanding that older fossils are usually found in deeper layers of sedimentary rock, while younger fossils are found in shallower layers. In the given rationale, the incorrect assumption is made that the mammal tooth fossil, being in a shallower layer, is younger than the ginkgo leaf fossil. However, the correct interpretation would be that the ginkgo leaf fossil, being in a deeper layer, is older than the mammal tooth fossil.

solution: Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram. Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is younger: The ginkgo leaf fossil is in a shallower layer in the rock sequence than the mammal tooth fossil. So, the ginkgo leaf fossil is most likely younger than the mammal tooth fossil.

skill: Compare ages of fossils in a rock sequence

wrong_step_idx: 11


id: 3794

lecture: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on. If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.

question: Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? chose - confident

choice: (A) capitol (B) clung

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill is understanding the correct way to alphabetize words.

solution: Put the words in alphabetical order. Since clung is between the guide words chose - confident, it would be found on that page.

skill: Use guide words

wrong_step_idx: 9


id: 3908

lecture: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

question: Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

choice: (A) repel (B) attract

context: Two magnets are placed as shown. Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart.

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this scenario is the ability to determine the polarity of magnets and understand that opposite poles attract while like poles repel.

solution: Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

skill: Identify magnets that attract or repel

wrong_step_idx: 12


id: 3982

lecture: A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks. A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma splice. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, we have a concert in two weeks. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily we have a concert in two weeks. There are several ways to fix a run-on sentence: Use stronger punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily. We have a concert in two weeks. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily; we have a concert in two weeks. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, and so. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, and we have a concert in two weeks. Use a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to create a complex sentence. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, and whose. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily since we have a concert in two weeks.

question: Is this a run-on sentence? Mexico is the world's largest avocado producer, one variety is so profitable that Mexican farmers refer to the fruit as oro verde, or green gold.

choice: (A) yes (B) no

context: N/A

answer: A

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is recognizing the difference between a run-on sentence and a sentence that is correctly constructed with multiple phrases or clauses. In the wrong rationale, the incorrect explanation was given that a run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together without appropriate punctuation. However, the sentence "Mexico is the world's largest avocado producer, one variety is so profitable that Mexican farmers refer to the fruit as oro verde, or green gold." is actually a run-on sentence because it joins two independent clauses without proper punctuation or conjunction. The missing skill is the ability to identify run-on sentences and understand the correct ways to fix them, such as using stronger punctuation, coordinating conjunctions, or subordinating conjunctions.

solution: This is a run-on sentence. It is a comma splice formed from two sentences run together, joined by just a comma. Mexico is the world's largest avocado producer, one variety is so profitable that Mexican farmers refer to the fruit as oro verde, or green gold. Here is one way to fix the run-on sentence: Mexico is the world's largest avocado producer. One variety is so profitable that Mexican farmers refer to the fruit as oro verde, or green gold.

skill: Identify run-on sentences

wrong_step_idx: 17


id: 4034

lecture: A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb. My friends walk along the path. A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb. Knows the answer. This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subject. Who knows the answer? She knows the answer. The bright red car. This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb. What did the bright red car do? The bright red car stopped. A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma. I knocked on the door it opened. It started raining, we ran inside. To fix a run-on sentence, separate it into two sentences. Add end punctuation after the first sentence, and capitalize the second sentence. I knocked on the door. It opened. It started raining. We ran inside. You can also fix a run-on sentence by rewriting it as a compound sentence. A compound sentence is two sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so. I knocked on the door, and it opened. It started raining, so we ran inside.

question: Which is a sentence fragment?

choice: (A) This warm blue blanket. (B) The greedy king kept all the jewels for himself and his sons.

context: N/A

answer: A

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is the ability to identify whether a group of words forms a complete thought and contains both a subject and a verb.

solution: This warm blue blanket is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb.

skill: Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on?

wrong_step_idx: 28


id: 4036

lecture: The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.

question: Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

choice: (A) sample A (B) neither; the samples have the same temperature (C) sample B

context: The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles.

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is the ability to accurately observe and determine the average speed of particles in each sample.

solution: Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy. Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature.

skill: Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure

wrong_step_idx: 4


id: 4043

lecture: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.

question: Would you find the word object on a dictionary page with the following guide words? off - onion

choice: (A) yes (B) no

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is understanding that guide words in a dictionary indicate the range of words on a specific page, not the presence of a specific word. The incorrect rationale assumes that because "object" is between "off" and "onion," it would be found on that page. However, the correct answer is B because guide words indicate the range of word entries on the page, not the actual presence of specific words.

solution: Put the words in alphabetical order. Since object is not between the guide words off - onion, it would not be found on that page.

skill: Use guide words

wrong_step_idx: 9


id: 4127

lecture: Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on. If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.

question: Would you find the word speck on a dictionary page with the following guide words? sombrero - sway

choice: (A) no (B) yes

context: N/A

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this query is the ability to understand how guide words in a dictionary work.

solution: Put the words in alphabetical order. Since speck is between the guide words sombrero - sway, it would be found on that page.

skill: Use guide words

wrong_step_idx: 9


id: 4141

lecture: Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller when the magnets are smaller.

question: Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

choice: (A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.

context: The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes.

answer: B

Rationale:

generated_skill: The missing skill in this case is understanding how the size of magnets affects the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.

solution: The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

skill: Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces

wrong_step_idx: 16