Prompt:
What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?
A. A man looked at the buildings in the distance, where houses began to twist, deform, and collapse.
B. A group of activists are protesting injustice in a public square, chanting, holding signs, and demanding change with courage and conviction.
C. A man is playing golf on a course, hitting shots with precision and skill while enjoying the natural beauty of the surroundings.
D. A couple is horseback riding on a trail, cantering and galloping through scenic terrain while bonding with each other and their equine companions.

A picture is a set of instructions for how to look at something.
When you look at a picture, you can describe the following things about it:
What is in the picture?
What is happening in the picture?
What kind of human behavior is shown in the picture?
What emotion does the picture seek to convey?
Here are some examples of pictures, followed by possible descriptions of what is in the picture, what is happening in the picture, and what kind of human behavior is shown in the picture.
Example pictures:
This picture shows a mother holding her newborn baby.
This picture shows a jungle scene with many different types of trees.
This picture shows a dog sitting on a rug by the fireplace.
This picture shows a person walking along a path through a garden.
Descriptions of pictures:
In the picture, the mother is holding her newborn baby. The mother is a human, and she is showing affection towards her newborn baby. This kind of human behavior is called maternal behavior.
In the picture, a dog is sitting on a rug by the fireplace. The dog is a human's pet, and it is showing affection towards its owner. This kind of human behavior is called loyalty.
In the picture, a person is walking along a path through a garden. The person is a human, and she is showing a desire to explore the world. This kind of human behavior is called adventurous behavior.
The answer is A.

A man looked at the buildings in the distance, where houses began to twist, deform, and collapse.

A group of activists are protesting injustice in a public square, chanting, holding signs, and demanding change with courage and conviction.

A man is playing golf on a course, hitting shots with precision and skill while enjoying the natural beauty of the surroundings.

A couple is horseback riding on a trail, cantering and galloping through scenic terrain while bonding with each other and their equine companions.


Prompt:
What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?
A. A man is surfing on a beach, riding the waves and feeling the rush of adrenaline while connecting with the power of the ocean.
B. A woman stuck to the window and looked out as if she had something on her mind.
C. A family is playing miniature golf on a course, putting their way through whimsical obstacles while laughing and having fun.
D. A family is camping in the wilderness, pitching tents, building a fire, and enjoying the serenity of nature.

A picture is a set of instructions for how to do something with your eyes.
When you look at a picture, you can use the instructions in the picture to put together a story. The story tells you what the picture describes.
Look at the picture.
Of the choices, the picture describes a woman stuck to the window and looking out as if she had something on her mind.
The answer is B.

A man is surfing on a beach, riding the waves and feeling the rush of adrenaline while connecting with the power of the ocean.

A woman stuck to the window and looked out as if she had something on her mind.

A family is playing miniature golf on a course, putting their way through whimsical obstacles while laughing and having fun.

A family is camping in the wilderness, pitching tents, building a fire, and enjoying the serenity of nature.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, organisms interact with each other in different ways. How organisms interact with each other tells you how they relate to each other.
The relationship between two organisms depends on what each organism is doing to the other organism. To describe the relationship between two organisms, use the word that tells you what the one organism is doing to the other organism.
For example, when a shark eats a fish, the shark is the predator, and the fish is the prey. Or, when a farmer irrigates his crops, the farmer is the producer, and the crops are the resource. The relationships between organisms fall into five main categories.
These relationships are based on what the organisms are doing to each other.
This category includes relationships in which one organism attacks or eats another organism.
The hawk wants to eat the snail. So, the hawk is a predator of the snail.
This category includes relationships in which two organisms interact in a way that affects their common environment.
The root of the tree and the fungus have a symbiotic relationship. Each organism is affected in a positive way by its interaction with the other organism.
This category includes relationships in which one organism gains from its interaction with another organism.
The scavenger bird is gaining food from the carcass of the animal. So, the scavenger bird is a consumer of the carcass.
This category includes relationships in which one organism affects another organism in a negative way.
The burning of the forest by the human is harming the animals that live in the forest. So, the humans are harmers of the animals. The relationship between the snake and the leg of beef is predatory. The snake wants to eat the leg of beef.
The relationship between the shark and the fish is predatory. The shark wants to eat the fish.
The relationship between the producer and the resource is production. The producer is the organism that is doing something to the resource.
The relationship between the hawk and the snail is predatory. The hawk wants to eat the snail. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, animals interact with each other in different ways. How animals interact with each other tells you what type of relationship they have.
The relationship between two creatures determines how they affect each other. To help you understand this relationship, describe the behavior of each creature.
The relationship between two creatures depends on the behavior of each creature.
If both creatures behave in the same way, they have a symbiotic relationship. The creatures help each other survive or thrive.
If one creature behaves in a way that benefits the other creature, they have a commensal relationship.
If one creature behaves in a way that harmfully affects the other creature, they have a predator-prey relationship.
If one creature constantly tries to harm or kill the other creature, they have a parasitic relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
Creatures that obtain food or other resources by killing or hurting one another are in predatory relationships.
Creatures that compete with each other for food or resources are in competitive relationships.
Creatures that live in a symbiotic relationship make their living together. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together.
There are several types of symbiotic relationships. The type of symbiotic relationship that two creatures have depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
Some symbiotic relationships involve just two creatures. Other symbiotic relationships involve multiple creatures.
When multiple creatures are in a symbiotic relationship, they often form groups. Group members take turns giving and receiving resources. This type of symbiotic relationship is called a mutualistic relationship.
The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The type of relationship depends on what a creature does to another creatures.
Here are some common types of relationships:
Mutualistic relationships: Both creatures benefit.
Predatory relationships: One creatures kills and eats another creatures.
Competitive relationships: Both creatures benefit. But one creatures gains more benefit than the other.
Parasitic relationships: One creatures benefits at the expense of the other creatures.
Symbiotic relationships: Both creatures benefit. But the benefit is for both creatures. These two creatures have a symbiotic relationship. Each creatures benefits from its relationship with the other. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what happens when they interact.
The table below shows some common types of relationships. It shows how each type of relationship is formed and what happens between the creatures in that relationship.
 | Relationship type | Formed by | What happens between creatures
Prey-predator | a predator eats a prey | a predator gets food and a prey gets protection
Competitor | two creatures compete for the same resource | neither creature gets the resource
Mutualist | two creatures interact in a way that helps both | both creatures are helped
Commensal | one creature interacts with another without helping or hurting | neither creature is helped or hurt
Parasite | one creature interacts with another and gets food or resources | the host creature is helped, the parasite is fed
Symbiont | two creatures interact in a way that helps both and forms a new species | both creatures are helped and the new species is formed
To determine the type of relationship between two creatures, consider what happens when they interact. Look at the table to find the type of relationship that forms when these creatures interact.
The stuffed owl is holding a toy mouse. So, the owl is a predator, and the mouse is a prey. The answer is A.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on what happens to each creature during their interactions.
The table below shows some common relationships between creatures. Each relationship is named after the creatures involved.
 | Creature | What happens to it
Consumer | Eats another creature
Producer | Makes food
Predator | Eats another creature
Prey | Is eaten by another creature
Parasite | Makes money off of another creature
Symbiont | Both creatures benefit from their interaction
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two creatures is not always easy to describe. Look at the drawings of the creatures.
On the left is the reindeer. It has antlers.
On the right is the predator, the short-tailed weasel. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on what they do to each other.
Here are some common relationships in nature:
Production relationships: These creatures work together to make food or shelter.
Consumptive relationships: These creatures eat each other.
Mutualistic relationships: These creatures help each other.
Antagonistic relationships: These creatures fight or compete with each other.
Predatory relationships: These creatures eat each other.
Parasitic relationships: One creature gets food or shelter from another creature. The other creature is not harmed.
Symbiotic relationships: These creatures have a positive relationship with each other. Both creatures are helped by their relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures interact in different ways. How creatures interact with each other depends on the type of relationship they have.
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two creatures is one way to describe the way they interact.
Here are some common types of relationships:
A predator has a prey. A predator uses strategy to hunt and kill its prey.
Two predators may compete to see which one can hunt its prey the fastest.
Two predators cannot coexist on the same piece of territory. So, one predator usually kills the other predator.
A parasite affects another creature. A parasite uses the creature for its own purposes.
The parasite does not usually kill the creature. Both the parasite and the creature can live on the same piece of territory.
A commensal affects another creature. But the two creatures are not in a parasitic relationship.
In other words, a commensal does not use the other creature. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In an environment, organisms can interact in different ways. How organisms interact with each other depends on the type of relationship they have.
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two organisms depends on what each organism does. To help describe these relationships, scientists use names for different types of interactions. This table shows some common relationships.
 | Organism A | Organism B
Consumptive relationship | Consumes resource from B | Does not consume resource from B
Producentive relationship | Produces resource that B needs | Does not produce resource that B needs
Competitive relationship | Both organisms try to survive | Both organisms try to survive
Predatory relationship | One organism kills and eats the other | One organism kills and eats the other
Parasitic relationship | One organism survives off the resources of the other | One organism survives off the resources of the other
Symbiotic relationship | Both organisms benefit from their relationship | Both organisms benefit from their relationship
There are many types of relationships. There are too many types to list here. But this table shows how some common relationships are classified.
Consumptive relationship:
How consumptive relationships work
Consumptive relationships happen when one organism consumes a resource that the other organism needs. This type of relationship is common when there are limited resources.
Producentive relationship:
How producentive relationships work
In a producentive relationship, one organism produces a resource that the other organism needs. Both organisms benefit from their relationship.
Competitive relationship:
How competitive relationships work
In a competitive relationship, both organisms try to survive. Each organism does not know whether it will survive or not. This type of relationship is common in new environments where there are many organisms.
Predatory relationship:
How predatory relationships work
In a predatory relationship, one organism kills and eats the other organism. This type of relationship is common among organisms that can kill and eat each other.
Parasitic relationship:
How parasitic relationships work
In a parasitic relationship, one organism survives off the resources of the other organism. The other organism is not helped by the relationship. This type of relationship is common among organisms that live in specialized ecosystems.
Symbiotic relationship:
How symbiotic relationships work
In a symbiotic relationship, both organisms benefit from their relationship. This type of relationship is common among organisms that live in stable ecosystems. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on what happens to each creature during their interactions.
The table below shows some common relationships between creatures. Each relationship is named after the creatures involved.
 | Creature 1 | Creature 2
--- | --- | ---
Predatory | Prey
Competitive | Competitor
Parasitic | Host
Symbiotic | Both creatures benefit
There are many types of symbiotic relationships. The table below shows some common types of symbiotic relationships.
 | Type of symbiotic relationship | Description
Commensal | One creature benefits, but the other creature is not significantly affected
Mutualistic | Both creatures benefit
The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together. So, symbiotic means living together.
When two creatures interact in a symbiotic relationship, each creature benefits. So, a symbiotic relationship is a positive relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, animals can have different types of relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on how they interact with each other.
Here are some common types of relationships:
Mutualistic relationships: Both creatures benefit.
Prey-predator relationships: The larger creature eats the smaller creature.
Competitive relationships: Both creatures try to survive or thrive, but only one can.
Symbiotic relationships: Both creatures benefit.
The relationship between two creatures can change over time. For example, a symbiotic relationship can become a predator-prey relationship if the smaller creature learns to defend itself. Or, two creatures can start out as competitors, but then become friends. It is important to understand the relationship between creatures in an ecosystem because this relationship affects how the ecosystem functions. Animals that interact positively help each other survive and thrive. Animals that interact negatively put each other in danger. To help learn about relationships in nature, look for examples from the drawings.
Choice "A" is not correct.
This drawings shows a predator-prey relationship. The larger cow is the predator, and the smaller sheep is the prey.
Choice "B" is not correct.
This drawings shows a competitive relationship. Both the cow and the sheep want to eat the same food. But they do not necessarily harm each other.
Choice "C" is not correct.
This drawings shows a symbiotic relationship. Both the cow and the sheep benefit from their relationship.
Choice "D" is the answer.
This drawings shows a symbiotic relationship. Both the cow and the sheep benefit from their relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact with each other, they can have different relationships.
The relationship between two creatures depends on what happens to each creature during their interaction.
So, the relationship between two creatures is determined by what happens after they interact. If one creature gains an advantage from the interaction, then the relationship is predatory. If both creatures gain an advantage, then the relationship is symbiotic. If one creature loses an advantage, then the relationship is competitive. If both creatures lose an advantage, then the relationship is parasitic.
For example, when a shark attacks a school of fish, the shark gains an advantage. So, the interaction between the shark and the school of fish is a predatory relationship.
When two cows graze together, they can have a symbiotic relationship. Each cow gains an advantage from the interaction.
If one cow gains more advantage than the other cow, then the relationship is competitive.
If one cow loses an advantage and the other cow gains an advantage, then the relationship is parasitic.
There is a symbiotic relationship between a wolf and its prey. The wolf gains an advantage by eating its prey. So, the interaction between a wolf and its prey is a symbiotic relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, organisms interact with each other in different ways. How organisms interact with each other tells you how they relate to each other.
The relationship between two organisms depends on what each organism is doing to the other organism. If one organism is killing or eating the other organism, the relationship is predatory. If each organism is trying to survive or reproduce in the presence of the other organism, the relationship is symbiotic.
There are many different types of symbiotic relationships. Symbiosis can happen with more than two organisms. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together.
When two organisms of different species live in close association, the relationship is called a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together.
When one organism of a species helps or supports another organism of the same species, the relationship is called a commensal relationship. The word commensal comes from a Latin word that means living together.
When one organism of a species benefits and the other organism is not significantly affected, the relationship is called a neutral relationship.
When one organism of a species causes the death or harm of another organism of the same species, the relationship is called a predatory relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
The table below shows some common relationships between creatures. | | Predatory relationships | Competitive relationships | Parasitic relationships | Symbiotic relationships |
How creatures interact | One creature eats another creature | Two creatures compete for resources | One creature depends on another creature | Two creatures work together
Example relationships | A tiger eats a deer | Two birds fighting over a piece of real estate | A mosquito depends on a human for food | A coral reef with fish and algae |
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two creatures is predatory if one creature eats the other. Predatory relationships can happen in the wild or on farms.
There are many types of predators. A cat can be a predator, or a cat can eat another animal that is a predator.
If two creatures compete for resources, each creature is trying to get what the other creature has. Competitive relationships can happen when creatures try to get food or shelter.
Animals that live in the same place may compete for resources. The answer is A.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what happens when one of the creatures affects the other.
If one creature gains something from interacting with another creature, the relationship is predatory.
If one creature loses something from interacting with another creature, the relationship is prey.
If one creature gains something it needs to survive from interacting with another creature, the relationship is symbiotic.
If one creature is harmed by interacting with another creature, the relationship is parasitic. Look at the illustration of the two creatures.
The word predator is shown in bold, dark font. This tells you that the two creatures have a predatory relationship. The answer is A.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, there are many different types of relationships that can develop. These relationships are based on three things: the creatures' behaviors, the creatures' body parts, and the environment.
By observing these behaviors and relationships, you can often tell what type of relationship a creature has with another creature. Prey animals have fuzzy, soft bodies. They often hide and run from their predators.
Predators have sharp claws and teeth. They hunt their prey. A predator's behavior tells you the type of relationship it has with another creature. The predator uses its claws and teeth to hunt and kill its prey.
Competitive relationships exist when two creatures try to survive in the same environment. These creatures do not work together. They do not help each other. So, they are not in a symbiotic relationship.
The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, there can be different relationships between them. The relationship between two creatures depends on what happens to each creature during their interactions.
The table below shows some common relationships between creatures. The relationships are listed in order from most positive to most negative. Positive numbers indicate that one creature gains something from its interaction with another creature. Negative numbers indicate that the second creature gains something from its interaction with the first creature.
If one creature gains and the other creature loses, that relationship is called a predation. Predation can happen in two ways. One creature can eat another creature. Or, one creature can hurt or kill another creature.
If both creatures gain, the relationship is called a symbiosis. Symbiosis can happen in two ways. Two creatures can live in a relationship where both creatures gain. Or, one creature can gain and the other creature does not lose.
If one creature gains and the other creature loses, the relationship is called a parasitism. Parasitism can happen in two ways. One creature can live on or use the other creature. Or, one creature can steal resources from the other creature.
If both creatures lose, the relationship is called a predation. Predation can happen in two ways. One creature can eat another creature. Or, one creature can hurt or kill another creature. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what happens when they interact.
The table below shows some common types of relationships. It shows how each type of relationship is formed and what happens when the two creatures interact.
 | Relationship type | Formed by | What happens when creatures interact
Predatory relationships | a predator and its prey | a predator kills and eats its prey
Competitive relationships | two creatures seeking the same resource | one creatures drives the other away or prevents it from getting the resource
Parasitic relationships | one creatures uses the resources of another creatures | one creatures depends on the resources of another creatures and does not pay for them
Symbiotic relationships | two creatures interacting to create a new species | two creatures work together to create a new species that is different from each creatures individual species
There are many different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have is shown by the column in the table that describes what happens when they interact. Look at the table to find the answer.
The type of relationship that these two creatures have is a competitive relationship. The answer is B.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, there can be different types of relationships between them. The type of relationship depends on how each creature is affected by its interaction with the other.
The following types of relationships describe how creatures can interact:
A competitive relationship happens when two creatures try to survive in the same environment. The creatures compete with each other to get food, water, or space.
A predatory relationship happens when one creature attacks and eats another creature. A predator uses its teeth or claws to hurt or kill its prey.
A parasitic relationship happens when one creature uses the other creature for its own benefit. The secondary creature is unable to survive without the primary creature.
A symbiotic relationship happens when two creatures interact in a way that helps both creatures survive.
There can be many different types of symbiotic relationships. For example, there can be a symbiotic relationship between a cowboy and his horse. The cowboy uses his horse to ride to work. The horse gets fed and taken care of by the cowboy.
There can also be a symbiotic relationship between a shark and a seal. The shark gets food and a place to live from the seal. The seal is not hurt or killed by the shark. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In an environment, organisms interact with each other. How they interact tells you the type of relationship that exists between them.
The relationship between two organisms depends on what each organism is doing. Consider the relationships between two organisms, a lion and a gazelle.
The lion chases and eats the gazelle. This relationship is predatory.
The gazelle runs from the lion. The lion's behavior indicates a predator-prey relationship.
The relationship between two organisms cannot be determined solely from the behavior of one organism. For example, a gardener uses fertilizer to help plants grow. But the relationship between the gardener and the plants is not parasitic. The fertilizer does not get anything from the plants.
The relationship between two organisms affects both organisms. So, a symbiotic relationship helps both organisms thrive.
The relationship between two organisms also depends on what each organism is. An organism's behavior tells you the type of relationship it has with other organisms. Predatory relationships and symbiotic relationships are examples of relationships between two organisms.
In a predatory relationship, one organism eats another organism.
The lion in the relationship with the gazelle is a predator. It eats the gazelle.
In a symbiotic relationship, two organisms interact in a way that helps both organisms thrive.
The relationship between the gardener and the plants is symbiotic. The gardener helps the plants grow, and the plants provide food and other needs for the gardener. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what happens when they interact.
The table below shows some common types of relationships. It shows how each type of relationship is formed and what happens when the two creatures interact.
 | Relationship type | Formed by | What happens when creatures interact
Predatory relationships | a predator and its prey | a predator kills and eats its prey
Competitive relationships | two creatures seeking the same resource | one creatures drives the other away or makes it impossible to get the resource
Parasitic relationships | one creatures uses the resources of another creatures | one creatures makes the other creatures its parasite
Symbiotic relationships | two creatures interacting to create a new species | two creatures work together to create a new species that is different from each creatures individual species
There are many different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have has important effects on the creatures. How do you determine the relationship between two creatures in nature? Look at what happens when they interact.
If one creature drives the other creatures away from a resource, then the two creatures have a competitive relationship.
If one creature kills and eats the other creatures, then the two creatures have a predator-prey relationship.
If one creatures receives necessary resources from another creatures, then the two creatures have a symbiotic relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different relationships with each other. The relationship between two creatures depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
The table below shows some common relationships between creatures. Each relationship is named after the creatures involved.
 | Creature | What it does to other creatures
Consumer | eats another creature
Producer | makes food using energy from sunlight
Predator | eats another creature that is still alive
Scavenger | eats a dead creature
Parasite | gets food and shelter from another creature
Symbiont | has a relationship where both creatures benefit
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two creatures is not always easy to describe. Look at the picture of the kudu and the bird.
The kudu has a horned head. The bird is perched on the kudu's head.
The relationship between the kudu and the bird is competitive. The answer is B.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, there are many different types of relationships that can develop between them. The relationship between two creatures depends on how they interact with each other.
The table below shows some common types of relationships. It shows how each type of relationship is formed and what happens to one creature when it forms a relationship with another creature.
 | Relationship type | Formed by | What happens to one creature |
| Predatory relationships | a predator and its prey | the predator kills and eats the prey |
| Competitive relationships | two creatures that need the same resource | both creatures try to get the resource first |
| Parasitic relationships | one creature that lives on or inside another creature | the host is harmed by the parasite |
| Symbiotic relationships | two creatures that interact in a positive way | both creatures are helped by the relationship | There are many different types of symbiotic relationships. Two creatures can form a symbiotic relationship when one creature provides a service or resource to the other creature. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, animals interact with each other in different ways. How animals interact with each other tells you how they relate to each other.
The relationship between two animals tells you what they do to each other. To figure out how these roosters relate to each other, look at the words that describe their relationship.
A predator is an animal that kills and eats other animals. The word predator tells you that these roosters are in a predatory relationship.
Two predators that interact with each other are in a competitive relationship. The word competitive tells you that these roosters are in a competitive relationship.
Prey animals and their predators have a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiotic tells you that these roosters are in a symbiotic relationship.
Prey animals and their predators can also be in a parasitic relationship. The word parasitic tells you that these roosters are not in a parasitic relationship. The answer is A.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact with each other, they can have different relationships. The relationship between two creatures tells you how they interact with each other.
The table below shows some common relationships. Relationship types are shown in bold.
 |  | Prey | Predator | Commensal | Parasite | Competitor
Prey | Ant | Grasshopper | Lion | Mouse | Flea | Horse and rider
Predator | Grasshopper | Ant | Lion | Mouse | Flea | Horse and rider
Commensal | Friend | Companion | No relationship | No relationship | No relationship
Parasite | No relationship | Companion | Friend | Mouse | Flea
Competitor | Horse and rider | No relationship | No relationship | Ant | Grasshopper
There are many different types of relationships. This table shows just a few examples. To learn more, look up articles and books about animal behavior.
A symbiotic relationship is when two creatures work together. The creatures in a symbiotic relationship can neither exist nor survive alone.
The mushroom Mycelium has a symbiotic relationship with trees. The Mycelium helps the tree absorb water and nutrients from the soil. In return, the tree provides the Mycelium with energy from photosynthesis.
A competitive relationship is when two creatures compete for the same resource. The stronger competitor wins and receives the resource.
A predatory relationship is when one creature attacks and eats another creature.
A parasitic relationship is when one creature depends on another creature. The dependent creature provides food or shelter to the parasite. The parasite does not pay for these resources like other creatures do.
There are many types of relationships. There are relationships that are not in the table. To learn about more types of relationships, look up articles and books about animal behavior. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two organisms of different species interact in a way that affects one or both organisms, they form a relationship. Scientists classify relationships between organisms based on how each organism is affected.
The table below shows how different types of relationships between organisms can be classified based on how each organism is affected.
Type of relationship | Organism of one species... | Organism of the other species...
Predatory | both organisms are affected positively
Competitive | both organisms are affected negatively
Parasitic | one organism is affected positively and the other organism is affected negatively
Symbiotic | both organisms are affected positively
There are many different types of relationships. Scientists classify relationships based on how each organism is affected in the following ways:
If one organism is affected positively and the other organism is affected negatively, then they form a parasitic relationship. The parasite depends on the host for its survival, but the host is not usually harmed.
If one organism is affected positively and the other organism is also affected positively, then they form a symbiotic relationship. The organisms can thrive in their environment because they are able to work together.
If one organism is affected negatively and the other organism is also affected negatively, then they form a competitive relationship. Both organisms are harmed by their interaction.
If one organism is affected positively and the other organism is affected negatively, then they form a predative relationship. The larger organism usually eats the smaller organism. This relationship is not predation in the sense of animal attacks animal. Instead, it is a relationship where one organism in the system is eaten by another organism in the system.
There are many different types of predation. For example, a shark may eat a fish. Or, a lion may eat an antelope. These interactions are predation because each organism is affected positively. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, animals interact with each other in different ways. How animals interact with each other tells you how they make their way in the world.
The way animals interact with each other falls into five main categories, or types. Predatory relationships, competitive relationships, and symbiotic relationships are all ways that animals interact with each other.
Predatory relationships are relationships in which one animal kills and eats another animal.
A tiger has a predative relationship with its prey. The tiger uses its large paws to grab its prey. It then eats its prey.
Competitive relationships are relationships in which animals compete with each other. Animals in competitive relationships try to get what they need from each other.
Two animals of the same species living in the same area are in a competitive relationship. They compete to get food, water, or a place to live.
Symbiotic relationships are relationships in which animals help each other. Animals in symbiotic relationships benefit from their relationship with each other.
A fungus that lives on an oak tree provides the oak tree with the food it needs. In exchange, the oak tree provides the fungus with a place to live. These relationships are examples of symbiotic relationships. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

When two creatures interact in nature, they can have different types of relationships. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what happens when they interact.
The table below shows some common types of relationships. It shows how the creatures in each relationship interact with each other.
 | Creature | What it does in the relationship
An animal that eats another animal.
A plant that grows on the outside of another plant.
An animal that uses a plant or fungus for food or shelter.
Two animals of different species that work together to hunt or defend.
An animal that lives off the body of another animal.
The relationship between a bear and a salmon is predatory. The bear eats the salmon.
The relationship between a swallow and a house martin is predatory. The swallow eats the house martin.
The relationship between a cow and a farmer is competitive. They compete to get food and water.
The relationship between a parasite and its host is parasitic. The parasite depends on the host but does not kill the host.
A symbiotic relationship is when two creatures help each other. How do you tell if a relationship is symbiotic? Look at the table and find the type of interaction that happens between the creatures.
If the creatures help each other, the relationship is symbiotic. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
Creatures that do things to each other can have the following types of relationships:
A predator has a predatory relationship with its prey. A predator uses its sharp claws or teeth to hunt and kill its prey.
Two predators can also have a predative relationship. They try to hunt and kill each other.
Two creatures that compete with each other try to win something. The larger number of a creatures of a particular type in an area the more competitive the environment is for that type.
A parasite has a parasitic relationship with its host. A parasite survives off of its host, which is usually weakened by the parasite.
Two creatures that have a symbiotic relationship benefit each other.
To figure out what type of relationship these creatures have, look at what each creature is doing to the other.
The lion is running and playing with the antelope. They are not hurting each other. So, they have a symbiotic relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures interact in different ways. How creatures interact with each other depends on what they are and what they need.
The relationship between two creatures determines what happens to both creatures. So, it is important to understand the relationship between creatures.
There are many different types of relationships. The table below shows some common relationships.
 | Relationship | Description
| Predatory relationships | One creature eats another creature.
| Competitive relationships | Two creatures fight over a resource.
| Parasitic relationships | One creature depends on another creature.
| Symbiotic relationships | Two creatures have a positive relationship. The creatures help each other.
To understand the relationship between two creatures, look at the table and choose the option with the same relationship name. Predatory relationships and symbiotic relationships are both positive relationships. So, these creatures have a positive relationship. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures interact in different ways. How creatures interact with each other depends on the type of relationship they have.
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two creatures is called a trophic level. Trophic levels describe the position a creature holds in a food chain.
The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Carbon dioxide and water are not food, but sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other creatures. There can be several kinds of consumers in a food chain. The top consumer in a food chain is usually the predator. The bottom consumer is usually the prey.
Here is a food chain that includes two creatures, a producer and a consumer.
The producer makes sugar. The consumer eats the producer. This food chain shows a predatory relationship. The consumer is the predator, and the producer is the prey.
Here is a food chain that includes two creatures, a producer and a consumer.
The producer makes sugar. The consumer eats the producer. This food chain shows a predatory relationship. The consumer is the predator, and the producer is the prey.
In a symbiotic relationship, two creatures interact in a helpful way. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together.
Some symbiotic relationships are positive. The words symbiote and symbiont describe friendly creatures that live together.
Other symbiotic relationships are negative. The words parasite and patron describe unfriendly creatures that live off each other. Competitive relationships are between creatures that are trying to survive or reproduce. Both creatures want to gain something, such as food or space.
In a competitive relationship, each creature tries to get as much as it can. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The type of relationship that two creatures have depends on what each creature is doing to the other.
Creatures that obtain food or other resources by killing or harming one another have predatory relationships.
Creatures that compete with each other for food or resources have competitive relationships.
Creatures that live in a symbiotic relationship make their living together. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together.
In a symbiotic relationship, each creature gets something it needs for survival. When two creatures have a symbiotic relationship, one creature provides a resource that the other creature needs. The two creatures then both benefit from their relationship.
So, for these two creatures to have a symbiotic relationship, the zebra must provide the cheetah with food. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, organisms interact with each other in different ways. How organisms interact with each other depends on the type of relationship they have.
There are many different types of relationships. The relationship between two organisms depends on what they do to each other. To help describe these relationships, scientists use names for different types of interactions. This table shows some common relationships and the names scientists use to describe them.
Type of interaction | Name
Prey and predator | Predatory
Competitor and competitor | Competitive
Mutualist and mutualist | Symbiotic
Parasite and host | Parasitic
There are many types of relationships. The relationship between two organisms depends on the type of interaction they have. To describe this relationship, look at the name of the interaction. Then, choose the answer that matches that name. The answer is D.


Prompt:
In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?
A. Predatory relationships
B. Competitive relationships
C. Parasitic relationships
D. Symbiotic relationship

In nature, creatures can have different types of relationships with each other. The type of relationship depends on how the creatures interact with each other.
Here are some common types of relationships:
Mutualistic relationships: Both creatures benefit.
Competitive relationships: Both creatures try to win something.
Predatory relationships: One creatures tries to eat the other creatures.
Parasitic relationships: One creatures benefits at the expense of the other creatures.
Symbiotic relationships: Both creatures benefit. The answer is D.


Prompt:
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.

Madelyn applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four more times, alternating whether she rode with a thin layer of wax on the board or not. Her friend Tucker timed each ride. Madelyn and Tucker calculated the average time it took to slide straight down the hill on the snowboard with wax compared to the average time on the snowboard without wax.
Figure: snowboarding down a hill.
Identify the question that Madelyn and Tucker's experiment can best answer.
A. Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?
B. Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?

Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was grown in sandy soil, and the other was grown in clay soil. Then, the height of each plant was measured.
First, identify the part of the experiment that was tested. The part of an experiment that is tested usually involves the part of the experimental setup that is different or changed. In the experiment described above, each group of plants was grown in a different type of soil. So, the effect of growing plants in different soil types was tested.
Then, identify the part of the experiment that was measured. The part of the experiment that is measured may include measurements and calculations. In the experiment described above, the heights of the plants in each group were measured.
Experiments can answer questions about how the part of the experiment that is tested affects the part that is measured. So, the experiment described above can answer questions about how soil type affects plant height.
Examples of questions that this experiment can answer include:
Does soil type affect the height of daffodil plants?
Do daffodil plants in sandy soil grow taller than daffodil plants in clay soil?
Are daffodil plants grown in sandy soil shorter than daffodil plants grown in clay soil? The answer is A.

Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?

Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?


Prompt:
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the question below.

Laura and Isabella were making batches of concrete for a construction project. To make the concrete, they mixed together dry cement powder, gravel, and water. Then, they checked if each batch was firm enough using a test called a slump test.
They poured some of the fresh concrete into an upside-down metal cone. They left the concrete in the metal cone for 30 seconds. Then, they lifted the cone to see if the concrete stayed in a cone shape or if it collapsed. If the concrete in a batch collapsed, they would know the batch should not be used.
Figure: preparing a concrete slump test.
Which of the following could Laura and Isabella's test show?
A. if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use
B. if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry

Concrete that is firm enough can be used to build structures like walls and foundations. So, Laura and Isabella's test could show that a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use. The answer is A.

if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use

if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry


Prompt:
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.

Arianna's brother thought that crushed ice would keep his soda cooler than whole ice cubes.
To test this idea, Arianna divided a large bottle of soda equally among six glasses. Arianna added five whole ice cubes to each of the first three glasses while her brother crushed five ice cubes into small pieces before adding them to each of the other three glasses. Ten minutes after all the ice had been added to the glasses, Arianna used a thermometer to measure the temperature of the soda in each glass.
Hint: An independent variable is a variable whose effect you are investigating. A dependent variable is a variable that you measure.
Figure: glasses of soda with ice.
Which of the following was a dependent variable in this experiment?
A. the size of the ice pieces
B. the temperature of the soda

Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato plants. Then, you add fertilizer to the soil of the plants in one group but not in the other group. Later, you measure the effect of the fertilizer by counting the number of tomatoes on each plant.
In this experiment, the amount of fertilizer added to the soil and the number of tomatoes were both variables.
The amount of fertilizer added to the soil was an independent variable because it was the variable whose effect you were investigating. This type of variable is called independent because its value does not depend on what happens after the experiment begins. Instead, you decided to give fertilizer to some plants and not to others.
The number of tomatoes was a dependent variable because it was the variable you were measuring. This type of variable is called dependent because its value can depend on what happens in the experiment. The answer is B.


Prompt:
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.

Bryce noticed that some of the footballs his team used during practice were not fully inflated. He wondered whether fully inflated footballs would travel farther than footballs with a lower air pressure.
To find out, Bryce collected 20 standard footballs. He fully inflated ten of them to an air pressure of 13 pounds per square inch. He inflated the remaining ten to an air pressure of 10 pounds per square inch. Bryce used  to launch a ball across a football field. He measured the distance the football traveled and then launched the next ball. Bryce repeated this with all 20 balls.
Hint: An independent variable is a variable whose effect you are investigating. A dependent variable is a variable that you measure.
Figure: a football launcher.
Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment?
A. the air pressure in the footballs
B. the distance the footballs traveled

Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato plants. Then, you add fertilizer to the soil of the plants in one group but not in the other group. Later, you measure the effect of the fertilizer by counting the number of tomatoes on each plant.
In this experiment, the amount of fertilizer added to the soil and the number of tomatoes were both variables.
The amount of fertilizer added to the soil was an independent variable because it was the variable whose effect you were investigating. This type of variable is called independent because its value does not depend on what happens after the experiment begins. Instead, you decided to give fertilizer to some plants and not to others.
The number of tomatoes was a dependent variable because it was the variable you were measuring. This type of variable is called dependent because its value can depend on what happens in the experiment. The answer is A.


Prompt:
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the question below.

Devin was a mechanical engineer who was designing  to record temperature, precipitation, and wind speed. The weather station would be used in a town where the highest recorded temperature was 40¬∞C. Devin wanted to make sure the weather station would work even in unusually warm weather.
So, he set an indoor test chamber to 50¬∞C with low moisture and no wind. He left the weather station in the chamber overnight. The next day, he checked to see if the weather station displayed accurate measurements after 24 hours at 50¬∞C.
Figure: a weather station.
Which of the following could Devin's test show?
A. how well the weather station would work when it was windy
B. if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50¬∞C

The answer is B.

how well the weather station would work when it was windy

if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50¬∞C


Prompt:
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.

Carson made six batches of muffins over the course of one day. He used whole wheat flour in three of the batches and white flour in the other three batches. He divided the batter into muffin tins, using two ounces of batter per muffin. He baked the muffins in a 350¬∞F oven for 20 minutes. After allowing the muffins to cool, Carson measured the dimensions of the muffins and calculated their volumes. He compared the volumes of the muffins made with whole wheat flour to the volumes of the muffins made with white flour.
Figure: muffins cooling.
Identify the question that Carson's experiment can best answer.
A. Do muffins made with white flour have larger volumes than muffins made with whole wheat flour?
B. Does the type of flour used in the muffins affect the number of muffins that turn brown after 30 minutes in the oven?

Do muffins made with white flour have larger volumes than muffins made with whole wheat flour?

Does the type of flour used in the muffins affect the number of muffins that turn brown after 30 minutes in the oven?


Prompt:
Figure: Great Victoria Desert.
The Great Victoria Desert is a hot desert ecosystem located in Western Australia and South Australia. It is the largest desert in Australia! The Great Victoria Desert is home to the rare great desert skink. To stay cool during the day, great desert skinks live in holes they dig in the ground.
Which statement describes the Great Victoria Desert ecosystem?
A. It has dry, thin soil.
B. It has thick, moist soil.

An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil
the organisms that live there A hot desert is a type of ecosystem. Hot deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, and many different types of organisms. So, the Great Victoria Desert has dry, thin soil. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Figure: Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary.
Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary is in western Washington State. The park is on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. It has many tide pool ecosystems.
Which better describes the tide pool ecosystems in Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary?
A. It has water that is rich in nutrients. It also has many different types of organisms.
B. It has water that is poor in nutrients. It also has only a few types of organisms.

A tide pool is a shallow body of water that is covered by water at high tide and exposed at low tide.
An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there A tide pool ecosystem is a type of ecosystem. Tide pool ecosystems have the following features: daily flooding and draining of seawater, water that is rich in nutrients, and only a few types of organisms. So, the tide pool ecosystems in Tongue Point Marine Life Sanctuary have water that is rich in nutrients. They also have only a few types of organisms. The answer is A.

It has water that is rich in nutrients. It also has many different types of organisms.

It has water that is poor in nutrients. It also has only a few types of organisms.


Prompt:
This diagram shows the life cycle of an apple tree.
Which part of an apple tree might grow into a new tree?
A. a leaf
B. a seed

Flowering plants, called angiosperms, use their flowers for sexual reproduction.
Flowers can have male parts, female parts, or both! The male part is called the stamen, and the female part is called the pistil.
Both the male and female parts are needed for sexual reproduction. The female part produces eggs, and the male part produces pollen. Pollen contains cells that become sperm.
Pollination happens when pollen lands on top of the pistil. Self-pollination happens when a plant with both male and female parts pollinates itself. Cross-pollination happens when pollen from one plant lands on the pistil of a flower on a different plant. Animals, including birds and insects, can be pollinators. Many pollinators come to flowers to get food. As a pollinator feeds, it moves pollen from one flower to another.
After pollination, sperm from the pollen fuse with eggs. This is called fertilization. The fertilized eggs then grow into seeds. When a seed lands on the ground, it can germinate and grow into a new plant.
The new plant can grow flowers and begin the angiosperm plant life cycle again. A seed can grow into a new tree. When a seed lands on the ground, it can germinate and grow into a new plant.
An apple tree's leaves use photosynthesis to make food for the tree. The leaves do not grow into a new tree. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Sugar gliders live in the forests of Southeast Asia. They have two arms and two legs. They also have a thin layer of skin, called a patagium, stretched between their arms and legs.
Sugar gliders use the patagium to glide through the air from tree to tree. The 's limbs are adapted for gliding.
Figure: sugar glider.
Which animal's limbs are also adapted for gliding?
A. ring-tailed lemur
B. northern flying squirrel

Northern flying squirrel's limbs are adapted for gliding. The northern flying squirrel has a patagium stretched between its limbs. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Barracudas often hunt large fish for food. The 's mouth is adapted to tear through meat.
Figure: barracuda.
Which fish's mouth is also adapted for tearing through meat?
A. tiger moray
B. copperband butterflyfish

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's mouth is one example of an adaptation. Animals' mouths can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large mouth with sharp teeth might help an animal tear through meat. A long, thin mouth might help an animal catch insects that live in holes. Animals that eat similar food often have similar mouths. Look at the picture of the barracuda.
The barracuda has a large mouth and sharp teeth. Its mouth is adapted for tearing through meat. The baracuda uses its teeth to cut up meat into pieces it can swallow.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The tiger moray has a large mouth and sharp teeth. Its mouth is adapted for tearing through meat.
The copperband butterflyfish has a small, narrow mouth. Its mouth is not adapted for tearing through meat. The answer is A.


Prompt:
s live in the Canadian Arctic and Greenland. The 's skin is adapted to help the animal survive in cold places.
Figure: Arctic hare.
Which animal's skin is also adapted for survival in cold places?
A. polar bear
B. fantastic leaf-tailed gecko

Arctic hares have thick fur covering their skin. Their fur can help keep them warm in cold places.
Polar bears have skin with thick fur on top and a thick layer of fat underneath it. Their skin is adapted to help them survive in cold places.
Polar bears use their fur and fat to keep warm in cold weather. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Which material is this spatula made of?
A. cotton
B. rubber

A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. Look at the picture of the spatula.
The spatula is made of two different materials. The handle is made of wood, and the head is made of rubber. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Select the better answer.
Which property do these two objects have in common?
A. salty
B. yellow

Yellow
Potato chips have a salty taste. Both objects are salty.
Yellow
This color is yellow. The potato chips are yellow, but the ocean water is not. The answer is A.


Prompt:
The model below represents a molecule of boron trifluoride. Boron trifluoride is used to make many types of chemicals, such as plastics.
Complete the statement.
Boron trifluoride is ().
A. a compound
B. an elementary substance

There are three main types of matter: elementary substances, compounds, and mixtures.
An elementary substance is the simplest form of a chemical element. Elementary substances are made of one type of matter.
A compound is made of two or more types of matter bonded together.
The type of matter in a compound is determined by its chemical formula. Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol:
For each element, the symbol is one capital letter.
Elements that are different chemical elements are represented by different symbols. For example, the symbol B represents the chemical element boron, and the symbol Na represents the chemical element sodium.
Elements that are the same chemical element are represented by the same symbol. For example, the symbol Na represents both the chemical element sodium and the chemical element natrium.
The model below represents a molecule of boron trifluoride. Boron trifluoride is a compound. A compound is made of two or more types of matter bonded together. In a boron trifluoride molecule, boron and fluorine are bonded together. The answer is A.


Prompt:
The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a yellow ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time during the process of diffusion.
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium.
A. to the left than to the right
B. to the right than to the left

Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium.
Membranes are thin boundaries that divide objects into parts. A membrane can divide a container into two parts. In this case, the solute can move freely from one part to the other through the membrane. This movement of a solute through a membrane is called diffusion.
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of the solute becomes equal in both parts of the container. When this happens, the solute reaches equilibrium. Look at the diagram again. It shows how the solution can change over time during the process of diffusion.
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. The answer is B.


Prompt:
The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a yellow ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time during the process of diffusion.
Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium.
A. to the left than to the right
B. to the right than to the left


Prompt:
The model below represents a molecule of ammonia. Most of the ammonia produced every year is used by farmers to help crops grow.
Complete the statement.
Ammonia is ().
A. a compound
B. an elementary substance

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance. Use the model to determine whether ammonia is an elementary substance or a compound.
Step 1: Interpret the model.
.
Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model.
You can see from the model that a molecule of ammonia is composed of three hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom bonded together.
Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound.
You know from Step 1 that ammonia is composed of two chemical elements: hydrogen and nitrogen. Since ammonia is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, ammonia is a compound. The answer is A.


Prompt:
In the following questions, you will learn about the origin of the Southern Colonies. The Southern Colonies made up the southern part of the Thirteen Colonies, which were ruled by Great Britain in the 1600s and 1700s. The population of the Southern Colonies included enslaved and free people of African descent, Native American groups, and European settlers. The map below shows the Thirteen Colonies in 1750. Look at the map. Then answer the question below.
Which of these colonies was Southern Colonies?
A. Maryland
B. Pennsylvania

Look at the legend on the map.
All of the colonies are shaded by region. The Southern Colonies included five colonies:
The rest of the Thirteen Colonies were part of the Middle Colonies or New England. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Between 1775 and 1783, Americans fought the British in the Revolutionary War. Look at the timeline of events in the years before the war. Then answer the question.
Based on the timeline, which statement is true?
A. The Boston Massacre was the first battle of the Revolutionary War.
B. Americans boycotted British goods before the Revolutionary War began.

The answer is B.

The Boston Massacre was the first battle of the Revolutionary War.

Americans boycotted British goods before the Revolutionary War began.


Prompt:
Native copper has the following properties:
solid
not made by living things
found in nature
fixed crystal structure
made of the metal copper
Is native copper a mineral?
A. yes
B. no

Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties:
It is a solid.
It is formed in nature.
It is not made by organisms.
It is a pure substance.
It has a fixed crystal structure.
If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral.
Look closely at the last three properties:
A mineral is not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories cannot be minerals.
A mineral is a pure substance.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. All minerals are pure substances.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
 Native copper has all the properties of a mineral. So, native copper is a mineral. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Plastic has the following properties:
solid
no fixed crystal structure
not a pure substance
made in a factory
Is plastic a mineral?
A. no
B. yes

Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different! Plastic does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, plastic is not a mineral. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Use the data to answer the question below.
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The smallest planet is made mainly of rock.
A. True
B. False

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The table tells you that the smallest planet is Mercury and that Mercury is made mainly of rock. So, the smallest planet is made mainly of rock. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Use the data to answer the question below.
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Mars is more than three times as large as Mercury's.
A. False
B. True

Look at the table with the volume values.
Think about how you can write fractions that represent numbers.
Mercury's volume is 110 billion km^3.
To write this as a fraction, write 100 billion km^3 as the top number and 10 billion km^3 as the bottom number.
Then, multiply the top number by 10 and the bottom number by 100. This gives you 1,000,000,000,000.
Next, multiply this number by the primary composition of Mercury, which is eight. This gives you 8,000,000,000,000.
To determine if this volume is more than three times as large as Mercury's, compare the two numbers.
8,000,000,000,000 is more than 1,000,000,000,000. So, the volume of Mars is more than three times as large as Mercury's. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Figure: Umbria.
Large, fluffy clouds filled the sky on a warm summer day in Umbria, Italy.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place.
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
A. climate
B. weather

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. Read the passage carefully.
Large, fluffy clouds filled the sky on a warm summer day in Umbria, Italy.
This passage tells you about the cloud cover over Umbria on a specific day. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. The answer is B.


Prompt:
This diagram shows fossils in an undisturbed sedimentary rock sequence.
Which of the following fossils is younger? Select the more likely answer.
A. mammal tooth
B. ginkgo leaf

A fossil is the preserved evidence of an ancient organism. Some fossils are formed from body parts such as bones or shells. Other fossils, such as footprints or burrows, are formed from traces of an organism's activities.
Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks usually form in layers. Over time, new layers are added on top of old layers in a series called a rock sequence. The layers in an undisturbed rock sequence are in the same order as when they formed. So, the deeper layers are older than the shallower layers.
The relative ages of fossils can be determined from their positions in an undisturbed rock sequence. Older fossils are usually in deeper layers, and younger fossils are usually in shallower layers. Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram.
Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is younger:
The mammal tooth fossil is in a shallower layer in the rock sequence than the ginkgo leaf fossil. So, the mammal tooth fossil is most likely younger than the ginkgo leaf fossil. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the passage about hedgehogs.
Hedgehogs have sharp spines that cover their backs. Some people think they look like little spiky balls! When they are scared, hedgehogs roll up into a ball. This keeps them safe from foxes and other animals.
Hedgehogs eat things like insects, worms, and snails. They hunt for food in hedges and other plants, just like wild pigs, or hogs. This is how they got the name hedgehogs.
What do hedgehogs do when they are scared?
A. They curl up into a ball.
B. They shoot their spines like arrows.

When hedgehogs are scared, they roll up into a ball. This keeps them safe from foxes and other animals. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the passage about bananas.
Bananas grow on banana plants in large bunches. Each group of bananas in a bunch is called a hand, and each banana is a finger.
Banana plants may look like trees, but they're not. They don't have trunks. Instead, they have thick stems made of leaves. Banana plants are chopped down once all the bananas are picked. But a new plant can grow from the old plant's roots.
What are the fingers of a banana plant?
A. the stems
B. the bananas

Read the passage carefully. It tells you what the fingers of a banana plant are.
Bananas grow on banana plants in large bunches. Each group of bananas in a bunch is called a hand, and each banana is a finger. The answer is B.


Prompt:
This time line shows important events during the California Gold Rush.
Based on the time line, which event happens after James Marshall discovers gold and before gold becomes harder to find?
A. Silver is discovered in Nevada.
B. Many people move to California.

Look at the time line.
Choose the event that happens after James Marshall discovers gold and before gold becomes harder to find.
Nevada is discovered.
Choose the event that happens after James Marshall discovers gold and before gold becomes harder to find.
Nevada is discovered in 1859. Marshall discovered gold in 1848. So, Nevada is discovered after James Marshall discovers gold but before gold becomes harder to find. The answer is A.


Prompt:
This event chain shows the main events from the legend of John Henry.
Based on the event chain, which event happens earlier in the legend?
A. John Henry beats the machine.
B. John Henry gets sick.

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. An event chain uses arrows to show the order of events. This event chain shows the main events from the legend of John Henry.
Follow the arrows to see the order of events. An arrow points from John Henry beats the machine to John Henry gets sick because he worked so hard during the contest. So, John Henry beats the machine earlier in the legend. The answer is A.


Prompt:
This table compares three stories about time travel.
Based on the table, in which story does the main character travel through time by accident?
A. only in A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
B. in both The Time Machine and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. In a table, each cell gives information related to its row and column. This table compares three stories about time travel.
Look in the Plot column to find the story about a character who travels through time accidentally. Follow that row left to see what's in the Story column. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court is in the Story column for a plot where the main character travels through time by accident. The Time Machine does not have a plot where the character travels through time accidentally. So, in which story does the main character travel through time by accident? A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. The answer is A.

only in A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court

in both The Time Machine and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court


Prompt:
This time line shows ancient sports that are still popular today. It gives each sport's likely place and date of origin.
Based on the time line, when did people start playing polo?
A. before sumo wrestling
B. before surfing

Look at the time line.
The sport of polo is shown as coming from the country of Persia (now called Iran). The word polo is from the same root as the word ploy, which is a French word meaning "tactics." So, polo means "tactical ball game."
The word tactics is used in English for a set of strategies and maneuvers used by a group, such as an army or a sports team. So, polo is a tactical ball game because it involves strategic maneuvers with the ball.
The answer is A.


Prompt:
This table shows the inventors of some popular toys.
Based on the table, what did Ruth Handler invent?
A. the Barbie doll
B. the Rubik's Cube

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. In a table, each cell gives information related to its row and column. This table shows the inventors of some popular toys.
Look in the Inventor column and find Ruth Handler. Then, follow that row to the right to see what the Toy is. The right column tells you that Ruth Handler invented the Barbie doll. The answer is A.


Prompt:
This event chain shows events from Peter and Wendy by J. M. Barrie.
Based on the event chain, when is Tinker Bell poisoned?
A. after the Lost Boys fight the pirates
B. before Captain Hook captures the Lost Boys

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them.
When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. An event chain uses arrows to show the order of events. This event chain shows events from Peter and Wendy by J. M. Barrie.
Follow the arrows to see the order of events. The second event is The Lost Boys fight the pirates, and the event Tinker Bell is poisoned happens after this event. So, Tinker Bell is poisoned after the Lost Boys fight the pirates. The answer is A.

before Captain Hook captures the Lost Boys


Prompt:
This picture shows an African elephant.
Complete the sentence.
The African elephant is the () land animal in the world.
A. largest
B. smallest

African elephants are the largest living land animals. A fully grown male African elephant can weigh up to 14,000 pounds. That's about as much as four small cars! The answer is A.


Prompt:
This image shows a Eurasian red squirrel.
Which trait does this red squirrel have?
A. It has fins.
B. It has a bushy tail.

This trait is a bushy tail.
The Eurasian red squirrel has a bushy tail. It is a trait that red squirrels use to help them look larger and thus scare off predators. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Imagine a school is facing a problem caused by flooding.
The lunchroom at Sunset Elementary School floods each year. When there is more than one inch of water on the ground outside, water flows under the doors and into the building. Dr. Rogers, the principal, wants to find a way to protect the lunchroom from flooding.
Select the time the lunchroom is most likely to flood.
A. during a drought, when there is not much rain
B. when a river next to the school overflows

During a drought, when there is not much rain, the lunchroom is most likely to flood.
Choice "B" is incorrect.
Choice "A" is incorrect.
Choice "C" is incorrect.
Choice "D" is incorrect.
Choice "E" is incorrect. The answer is A.

during a drought, when there is not much rain

when a river next to the school overflows


Prompt:
Read the text.
Butterflies and moths are easily mistaken for each other, but one distinction between them often appears during their pupal stage. When most butterfly caterpillars reach full size, they attach themselves to a leaf or other object and shed their skin a final time, forming a chrysalis, a hard, shell-like skin, which protects the pupa inside. The chrysalis may be dull and rough or shiny and smooth, usually blending into its surroundings. Most moth caterpillars, by contrast, create a cocoon to protect the pupa, rather than forming a chrysalis. The cocoons usually resemble hard silk pouches, but some moths also incorporate materials like hairs and twigs.
Which term matches the picture?
A. chrysalis
B. cocoon

A chrysalis is a hard, protective shell-like skin that forms around a butterfly pupa. It often hangs from a silk disk and blends into the environment around it. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the text.
Most animals need to maintain a body temperature within a narrow range. Endotherms, such as humans and other mammals, can regulate their temperatures internally. When the temperature of their surrounding environments changes, endotherms may shiver or sweat to keep their body temperatures within a normal range.
For ectotherms, by contrast, a change in the temperature of the surrounding environment will usually affect the animal's body temperature. Ectotherms often regulate their body temperatures by moving within their environments; for instance, a lizard will lie out in the sun to warm itself up.
Which term matches the picture?
A. ectotherms
B. endotherms

Endotherms, such as rats and other mammals, regulate their body temperatures internally. When the temperature of an endotherm's surrounding environment changes, its body temperature may change too. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Read the text.
The properties of a light wave affect what we see. One property of a light wave is wavelength. Wavelength measures the distance between one crest to the next. The wavelength of light determines what color, if any, is visible to the human eye. The longest visible waves are red and the shortest visible waves are violet.
Another property of a light wave is amplitude. Amplitude refers to the distance between the middle of the wave and the point farthest from the center. This point is usually shown as the highest point on the wave, or the wave's crest. We perceive light waves with greater amplitude as being brighter.
Which term matches the picture?
A. wavelength
B. amplitude

The amplitude of a light wave refers to the distance between the middle of the wave and the point farthest from the center. This point is usually shown as the highest point on the wave, or the wave's crest. The answer is B.


Prompt:
Read the text.
Volcanic eruptions are classified by their appearance and their behavior. During a Hawaiian eruption, for example, lava is ejected from the volcano in a column. These jets can last for several hours or for days. The lava that flows from this type of eruption can often travel for miles before cooling and hardening.
A Strombolian eruption, on the other hand, occurs when lava erupts from the volcano in short-lived bursts that result in scattered sprays of lava. These bursts often resemble bright, exploding fireworks.
Which term matches the picture?
A. Strombolian eruption
B. Hawaiian eruption

The text tells you that a Strombolian eruption has short, explosive bursts of lava. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the text.
Flowering plants are commonly divided into two groups: monocots and dicots. They are distinguished by the number of cotyledons their seeds have‚Äîa cotyledon is an undeveloped leaf inside the seed. Monocot seeds have one cotyledon while dicot seeds have two. You can also tell mature monocots and dicots apart based on their leaves and flowers. Monocots' petals occur in multiples of three (e.g., three or six), and their leaves have parallel veins; dicots' petals occur in multiples of four or five, and their leaves have branched veins.
Which term matches the picture?
A. dicot
B. monocot

A monocot is a flowering plant that has seeds with one cotyledon. Its flower parts occur in multiples of three, and its leaves have parallel veins. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the text.
Heat transfer can occur in different ways. Two common ways are through conduction and convection. Conduction occurs when molecules from one object collide with molecules from another object. Burning your hand by touching a hot car door on a sunny summer day is an example of conduction.
Convection is another form of heat transfer. When a liquid or gas is heated, the heated matter rises upward, away from the heat source. Hot bubbles rising in a pot of water boiling on a stove is an example of convection.
Which term matches the picture?
A. convection
B. conduction

Convection is the movement of a liquid or gas away from a heat source. When water starts to boil, bubbles of hot gas rise through the water, moving away from the source of heat. The answer is A.


Prompt:
Read the text.
The stem of a plant contains different types of tissue. Two of these types are xylem and phloem. Xylem tissue carries water and nutrients from the roots of the plant to the leaves. Xylem moves materials in only one direction, up the plant's stem. Phloem tissue carries nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant. The nutrients in phloem tissue can move in two directions, either up or down the plant's stem.
Which term matches the picture?
A. xylem
B. phloem

Xylem moves water and nutrients from the roots of plants to the leaves. The materials in xylem move in only one direction. The answer is A.